The task here is to find the most appropriate size for a bedroom. This could be a bedroom for one person or for two. The inhabitant(s) of said bedroom can be children or adults.
We should start with finding furniture that we want in the bedroom. All of these furnitures must take a maximum of 25% area of the bedroom. Another 25% area of bedroom must be kept aside for walking and standing space such as at both sides of bedroom and in front of the doors of the cupboard. The rest half area of bedroom must be left empty, in which some carpet can be placed or left uncovered for ground sitting.
We should begin with a bed, since by defintion a bedroom must have a bed. The calculations we are making here works for both a wooden bed and a mattress or blanket put on ground. Most adults are under 6 ft height, the bed must be long enough to hold full body of an adult. Some space must be given to pillow, that space is around 4.5 inches more than the end of head. At foot too, a 4.5 inch long space must be kept extra to provide some flexibility in moving a little up and down while sleeping. Therefore, a bed must be 6 ft and 9 inches long.
Now we should put our focus on desired width of a bed. A person on average needs 18 inches wide space just to get tightly packed in with 27 inches providing some place to move hands. Therefore 27 inches is the least acceptable width of a bed. Note that 27 inches is very much like the width of a train berth, where you can sleep for a night or two but don't want that on permanent basis. On the other extreme, a maximum 54 inches or 4.5 ft width is the most that is acceptable. I have personally used a 3.5 ft wide bed and its a little more than what I am comfortable with and I never got to use the full space in one night even after enough rolling and stretching. Therefore, a 3.375 ft wide bed is the most appropriate for most people.
An appropriate bed (actually mattress size) is therefore 6.75 ft x 3.375 ft.
I should use better units here, then things can be clearer. The oldest unit of measurement used by humans is zira. One zira equals about 20 inches or 50 cm. An appropriate bed is 80 inches x 40 inches (6 ft 8 in x 3 ft 4 in) mattress size.
I have used a bed that is less than 1 inch thick at borders and its a strong bed. Lets have a stronger bed with 2 inches thickness at each size. These extra 2 inches are visible only at front (pillow size) and rear (legs side). At the rolling sides (left and right) only 1 inch thickness is visible because the other inch of wood would be covered by mattress. In any case, these 2 or 1 inch are not important for our calculation because we plan to leave 20 inches walking space at both sides of bed, since most adults' bodies needs only 18 inches so the thickness of wood of bed is easily absorbed. The bed can also be placed close to a wall to get extra space in room.
I like the door of room to be at center of wall, this wall should be where the rear of bed is pointing. The door should be 18 inches wide, with 1 inch each side of fixing support of door in wall. The door must have two slides, each one providing a walking space 9 inches wide, therefore both slides must be open for a person to enter. At the left and right of the door, after one inch support, the wall must be 60inches wide at each side (left & right). Since 60 inches is 5 ft therefore other than door the wall is total 10 ft wide. To make it 12 ft we can have the door 2 ft or 24 inches wide. In that case, the door itself should be 20 inches wide and its support in wall at each side should be 2 inches wide. A 20 inches wide door almost guarantee that even a strong muscled man can comfortably enter.
At each side, which as discussed above is 60 inches wide, the middle 20 inches wide place is given to a window. Therefore we have 2 windows on this wall and on each side of each window a 20 inches wide wall exists. Since each window is 20 inches wide and since each window has two slides (like the door) therefore each slide is 10 inches wide, therefore a 10 inches wide space must be there after the rear of bed. Another 20 inches must be there for a person to stand.
The room is decided to be 12 ft wide. Length wise we have 80 inches long bed, then inches of standing space, then 10 inches of slide space, total 110 inch. If we add in 10 inches then it becomes 10 ft. The room therefore becomes 12 ft x 10 ft.
Another way is to have a 40 inches wide door and keep 40 inches wide wall at each side of door. The room then is 120 inches or 10 ft wide. The length is 80 inches for bed, 10 inches for window slide and may be 30 inches more, total 120 inches or 10 ft.
Given that an ideal bed is 80 inches x 40 inches, minimum walking space needed for a fat or muscled person is 20 inches wide and there are about 40 inches in a meter and 20 inches in the oldest measurement tool used by humans, the most appropriate bedroom size is 4 m x 4 m or 8 zira x 8 zira or 160 inches x 160 inches. Note that this is the internal area of room. Ideal wall thickness is 20 inches, therefore including that too the space for room becomes 5 m x 5 m or 10 zira x 10 zira or 200 inches x 200 inches. Keeping a room this big, we can put at maximum 4 x 2 = 8 mattresses in the room.
The door is planned to be 40 inches wide, each slide being 20 inches wide a 20 inches space is left empty (that is, without furniture at each side) of door. The door therefore gets half of the width of the wall at maximum leaving 40 inches at each side. If door don't go fix at sides then each side is 60 inches wide. At the middle of that a 20 inches wide window is put for ventilation. Another window is put at its opposite end, at the front of bed for example for cross ventilation. The room therefore have 4 windows.
The height of the room have to be 4 meters, with roof and floor 0.5 meter thick each. The whole complex with walls therefore is 125 cubic meter or 1000 cubic zira. Internal area is 64 cubic meters. Since one mole of air at STP needs a volume of 22.4cubic dm therefore 64 cubic meters means 2857 moles. Since air is 21% oxygen by volume therefore 600 moles of oxygen are present in the room. Since molecular mass of oxygen (O2) is 32 amu therefore, 600 moles means 19200 grams of oxygen.
The equation of digestion of glucose is given by:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6C02 + 6H2O
therefore 180 grams glucose needs 192 grams oxygen for digestion. One gram of glucose means 4 calories and a healthy average person needs 2000 calories a day, therefore 500 grams of glucose therefore 533 grams oxygen. There is sufficent oxygen in room to last for 36 days for an average person. Note that an adult female on average needs 2500 calories therefore 1.25 times more therefore for her its oxygen for 28.8 days, for an adult male daily consumption is 3000 calories, therefore there is oxygen supply of 24 days for him in the room.
Note: I have over simplified food requirements. Human body needs proteins and fats too but for simplicity I ignored that for now and assumed that all food is carbohydrate.
So, we have 40 inches wide door and 60 inches wide place at each side. Height of room is 160 inches. I like to have the window at height of 60 inches so that I be visible from outside the window only when I am standing, this means privacy when I am sleeping or doing some table work etc. The window should have a height of 40 inches and therefore above it there is a 60 inches high wall again. In the middle of that 60 inches a 20 inches high small window (roshan-dan) is very appropriate. These small windows are ofcourse supported by same size and location small windows at opposite end to ensure ventilation.
The window scheme is explained again: in the wall that contains door, leaving a space of 20 inches at both ends, there are two windows each 20 inch wide and 40 inch long and each of these windows start at a height of 60 inches. Above them at a distance of 20 inches height wise there is one small window for each large window which as the same width as the large window but half height.
Below the large window, a cupboard can be placed. Total space taken by this cupboard could be 40 inches width, 20 inches length (towards the leg side of bed) and 60 inches height. Inner space is much less due to thickness of wood.
Its better to place two people in each such room instead of one. This is for better utilization of space, to avoid night fear and for security. Two beds can be placed width wise adjacent to two walls with each bed's leg side facing a large window. A cupboard can be placed under one large window and a table (writing or dressing) under the other large window.
Note that there should be two doors in each room. We have discussed only one door so far. The other door should be directly in front of the entry door and should be rarely used. The need for two doors is to have an alternate way of escaping the room in case one door is jammed by an enemy, by earthquake etc. For proper ventilation and escape passage the front and back of each room must have corridors. Each such corridor must be atleast 2 m wide and atmost 4m wide.
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